Reference
Comparisons
103 head-to-head analyses. Each one recomputes the figures rather than repeating what the fact sheets say.
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Measured overlap
275Computed from the filings rather than written up: what share of a dollar sits in the same companies either way, and what the pair behaves like held together.
| Pair | Overlap | Shared | Combined effective |
|---|---|---|---|
| IVV vs VOO | 96.8% | 474 | 51.6 |
| ITOT vs VTI | 95.07% | 1890 | 66.6 |
| QQQ vs QQQM | 91.56% | 95 | 33.2 |
| VPU vs XLU | 89.74% | 31 | 21.9 |
| SCHP vs TIP | 89.66% | 45 | 38.6 |
| VOO vs VTI | 88.3% | 503 | 58.6 |
| ITOT vs IVV | 88.27% | 505 | 58.1 |
| ITOT vs VOO | 85.66% | 475 | 58.2 |
| IVV vs VTI | 85.64% | 474 | 58.6 |
| VHT vs XLV | 83.71% | 57 | 19.3 |
| VDE vs XLE | 81.55% | 21 | 11.1 |
| VOX vs XLC | 79.99% | 23 | 11.1 |
| VFH vs XLF | 78.89% | 70 | 26.7 |
| VGT vs XLK | 78.84% | 69 | 15.9 |
| SCHH vs VNQ | 78.17% | 117 | 28.8 |
| SCHG vs VUG | 78.1% | 91 | 21.7 |
| SSO vs UPRO | 77.13% | 509 | 12.4 |
| SOXQ vs SOXX | 75.26% | 23 | 20 |
| SMH vs SOXX | 73.96% | 23 | 18 |
| VEA vs VXUS | 71.67% | 2996 | 313.8 |
| QLD vs TQQQ | 66.47% | 110 | 8.6 |
| TQQQ vs UPRO | 65.58% | 93 | 7.1 |
| SMH vs SOXQ | 64.92% | 20 | 17.5 |
| AGG vs BND | 63.53% | 7456 | 837.5 |
| QQQM vs VUG | 62.67% | 56 | 26.4 |
| QLD vs SSO | 61.31% | 94 | 16.8 |
| VT vs VTI | 60.65% | 1433 | 98.3 |
| QQQ vs VUG | 59.22% | 57 | 27.7 |
| ITOT vs VT | 58.62% | 1370 | 97.6 |
| VOO vs VUG | 57.49% | 122 | 31 |
| SSO vs TQQQ | 57.17% | 94 | 10.3 |
| IVV vs VUG | 56.89% | 119 | 31 |
| QQQ vs XLK | 56.76% | 34 | 24.8 |
| VGT vs VUG | 55.65% | 51 | 18.5 |
| QQQM vs XLK | 55.5% | 34 | 24.2 |
| VOO vs VT | 55.1% | 498 | 83.7 |
| IEMG vs VWO | 54.62% | 1460 | 45.3 |
| QQQ vs VOO | 54.46% | 88 | 44.2 |
| VUG vs XLK | 54.44% | 40 | 19.6 |
| QQQM vs VOO | 54.2% | 88 | 42 |
| QQQM vs VGT | 53.73% | 39 | 23.4 |
| IVV vs QQQ | 53.66% | 86 | 44.2 |
| IVV vs QQQM | 53.41% | 86 | 42 |
| IVV vs VT | 53.19% | 469 | 83.7 |
| FXI vs MCHI | 52.76% | 49 | 28.4 |
| VTI vs VUG | 52.3% | 147 | 34.1 |
| ITOT vs VUG | 51.54% | 143 | 33.9 |
| NLR vs URA | 51.23% | 19 | 18.7 |
| VIG vs VTV | 50.73% | 122 | 100.7 |
| SMH vs XLK | 50.64% | 20 | 18.1 |
| QQQ vs VGT | 50.6% | 39 | 24.3 |
| SCHP vs VTIP | 49.44% | 20 | 35.3 |
| QQQ vs VTI | 48.13% | 92 | 49.4 |
| ITA vs XAR | 47.92% | 45 | 22.8 |
| QQQM vs VTI | 47.73% | 91 | 46.9 |
| ITOT vs QQQ | 47.66% | 91 | 49.2 |
| TIP vs VTIP | 47.46% | 19 | 35.9 |
| ITOT vs QQQM | 47.3% | 90 | 46.7 |
| IJR vs IWM | 46.9% | 540 | 660.1 |
| RSP vs VOO | 44.42% | 495 | 157.2 |
| QUAL vs VOO | 44.35% | 115 | 52.5 |
| VOO vs VTV | 43.67% | 297 | 103.6 |
| IBB vs XBI | 41.57% | 123 | 75.1 |
| IVV vs VTV | 41.44% | 280 | 103.9 |
| SMH vs VGT | 40.51% | 20 | 18.2 |
| VIG vs VOO | 40.39% | 168 | 71.9 |
| IFRA vs VPU | 40% | 54 | 42.9 |
| VTI vs VTV | 38.96% | 308 | 120.8 |
| IVV vs VIG | 38.86% | 158 | 72 |
| VGT vs VOO | 38.08% | 75 | 27.4 |
| VIG vs VTI | 38.01% | 317 | 81.4 |
| IVV vs XLK | 37.98% | 74 | 29 |
| IFRA vs XLU | 37.25% | 30 | 38.4 |
| IVV vs VGT | 37.24% | 70 | 27.4 |
| VOO vs XLK | 37.22% | 69 | 29 |
| ITOT vs VTV | 36.9% | 289 | 120.4 |
| VT vs VXUS | 36.77% | 3356 | 305.5 |
| MTUM vs VOO | 36.62% | 105 | 58.8 |
| QQQ vs SMH | 36.4% | 19 | 25.6 |
| ITOT vs VIG | 36.39% | 310 | 81.5 |
| VGT vs VTI | 35.33% | 257 | 29.9 |
| ITOT vs VGT | 34.8% | 257 | 29.7 |
| SPLV vs USMV | 34.65% | 53 | 146.5 |
| IFRA vs PAVE | 34.03% | 50 | 75.4 |
| BUG vs CIBR | 33.85% | 13 | 27.8 |
| ITOT vs XLK | 33.53% | 74 | 31.5 |
| QQQM vs SMH | 32.62% | 17 | 25.6 |
| VTI vs XLK | 32.62% | 69 | 31.8 |
| VT vs VUG | 32.31% | 145 | 44.1 |
| QQQM vs VIG | 30.18% | 28 | 60 |
| QQQM vs VT | 29.95% | 96 | 63.9 |
| QQQ vs VT | 29.9% | 96 | 68.1 |
| QQQM vs TQQQ | 29.03% | 96 | 18 |
| QQQ vs VIG | 28.66% | 27 | 63.6 |
| TQQQ vs VOO | 27.74% | 85 | 19.5 |
| MTUM vs QUAL | 27.71% | 31 | 59.9 |
| VEA vs VT | 27.18% | 2083 | 311.9 |
| SMH vs VUG | 26.75% | 14 | 22.1 |
| VIG vs VUG | 26.61% | 35 | 43.5 |
| VWO vs VXUS | 26.3% | 2318 | 96.7 |
| VIG vs VT | 25.65% | 295 | 115.5 |
| ICLN vs TAN | 25.47% | 12 | 28.4 |
| BOTZ vs ROBO | 24.79% | 23 | 49.5 |
| IWM vs VB | 24.63% | 662 | 1188.2 |
| VT vs VTV | 24.53% | 305 | 186.9 |
| VIG vs XLK | 24.47% | 17 | 38.2 |
| VGT vs VIG | 24.25% | 27 | 36.5 |
| JEPI vs JEPQ | 22.24% | 36 | 86 |
| FXI vs KWEB | 21.02% | 5 | 31.9 |
| SCHD vs VYM | 20.85% | 79 | 67.9 |
| VGT vs VT | 20.29% | 209 | 37.8 |
| DGRO vs SCHD | 20.14% | 35 | 69.4 |
| QQQ vs VTV | 20.01% | 41 | 82.5 |
| QQQM vs VTV | 19.51% | 41 | 80.7 |
| IVV vs SMH | 19.33% | 20 | 30.9 |
| SMH vs VOO | 19.21% | 19 | 30.9 |
| KWEB vs MCHI | 19.18% | 14 | 32 |
| VT vs XLK | 18.81% | 69 | 40.6 |
| IJR vs VB | 18.49% | 466 | 769 |
| DGRW vs NOBL | 18.21% | 24 | 91.6 |
| ITOT vs SMH | 17.15% | 21 | 33.1 |
| ARKK vs QQQ | 16.79% | 11 | 47.3 |
| AVUV vs CALF | 16.78% | 80 | 250.6 |
| SCHD vs VTV | 16.77% | 39 | 75.5 |
| SMH vs VTI | 16.76% | 20 | 33.4 |
| JEPI vs QYLD | 16.69% | 23 | 77.7 |
| AVUV vs VBR | 14.96% | 239 | 572.7 |
| NOBL vs SCHD | 14.62% | 13 | 74.9 |
| SCHD vs VIG | 13.77% | 32 | 68.4 |
| VGT vs VTV | 13.46% | 28 | 48.4 |
| VTV vs XLK | 13.32% | 22 | 50.3 |
| AVUV vs SYLD | 13.11% | 34 | 244 |
| MOAT vs QUAL | 12.36% | 15 | 75.8 |
| DIVO vs JEPI | 12.29% | 12 | 69 |
| IGV vs QQQ | 11.57% | 17 | 43.8 |
| SMH vs VIG | 10.79% | 7 | 40.4 |
| DIVO vs QYLD | 10.23% | 3 | 49.6 |
| VT vs VWO | 9.77% | 1276 | 110 |
| SMH vs VT | 9.2% | 20 | 40.7 |
| AIQ vs ROBO | 9.17% | 12 | 86.7 |
| SMH vs VTV | 8.18% | 7 | 44.3 |
| SCHD vs SMH | 8.07% | 3 | 35.4 |
| JEPI vs SCHD | 8% | 13 | 85.3 |
| AIQ vs BOTZ | 7.85% | 7 | 48 |
| IVV vs SCHD | 7.62% | 46 | 71.7 |
| SCHD vs VOO | 7.5% | 45 | 71.8 |
| ITOT vs SCHD | 7% | 93 | 78.5 |
| SCHD vs VTI | 6.9% | 90 | 79 |
| QQQM vs SCHD | 5.21% | 8 | 59.6 |
| QQQ vs SCHD | 4.83% | 8 | 61.9 |
| IFRA vs VOO | 4.59% | 48 | 99.8 |
| SCHD vs VT | 4.49% | 76 | 97.8 |
| GRID vs IFRA | 4.31% | 6 | 58.5 |
| VTV vs VUG | 3.78% | 23 | 65.4 |
| PAVE vs VPU | 3.13% | 2 | 62.6 |
| SCHD vs XLK | 3.12% | 5 | 41.6 |
| PAVE vs XLU | 2.86% | 1 | 55.4 |
| GRID vs PAVE | 2.52% | 9 | 61.9 |
| SCHD vs VGT | 2.3% | 3 | 39.9 |
| VOO vs XLU | 2.19% | 31 | 55.9 |
| IFRA vs QQQM | 1.55% | 5 | 79.5 |
| AVUV vs SCHD | 1.26% | 29 | 114.4 |
| QQQM vs XLU | 1.18% | 4 | 48.6 |
| IEF vs TLT | 1.06% | 1 | 35.6 |
| BND vs VWO | 0.9% | 1 | 154.9 |
| BND vs BNDX | 0.9% | 1 | 1782.5 |
| VTV vs VXUS | 0.79% | 3 | 285.6 |
| SCHD vs VUG | 0.77% | 4 | 48.6 |
| BND vs VTV | 0.76% | 1 | 345.2 |
| VTV vs VWO | 0.76% | 2 | 114.4 |
| BND vs VXUS | 0.73% | 1 | 824.2 |
| VIG vs VXUS | 0.7% | 4 | 196 |
| VIG vs VWO | 0.58% | 2 | 96.8 |
| QQQ vs VEA | 0.57% | 4 | 119.3 |
| BND vs VIG | 0.56% | 1 | 222.5 |
| BND vs VT | 0.55% | 1 | 502.2 |
| QQQM vs VEA | 0.47% | 3 | 112.7 |
| AGG vs SGOV | 0.42% | 1 | 66.3 |
| QQQ vs VXUS | 0.42% | 3 | 121.5 |
| VTI vs VXUS | 0.4% | 5 | 215.7 |
| QQQM vs VXUS | 0.37% | 2 | 114.7 |
| BND vs VOO | 0.34% | 1 | 194.3 |
| VEA vs VIG | 0.34% | 4 | 191 |
| VOO vs VWO | 0.34% | 1 | 91.1 |
| VOO vs VXUS | 0.34% | 1 | 173.8 |
| VEA vs VTI | 0.31% | 5 | 209.3 |
| EWT vs EWY | 0.3% | 2 | 18.7 |
| HYG vs LQD | 0.3% | 1 | 2369.3 |
| VEA vs VUG | 0.28% | 4 | 73.2 |
| BND vs VTI | 0.27% | 1 | 248.2 |
| VTI vs VWO | 0.27% | 1 | 101.5 |
| VUG vs VXUS | 0.25% | 4 | 73.9 |
| VEA vs VTV | 0.23% | 3 | 275.5 |
| IEF vs SHY | 0.2% | 1 | 43.3 |
| SHY vs TLT | 0.2% | 1 | 91 |
| VEA vs VWO | 0.18% | 2 | 139.6 |
| AGG vs ITOT | 0.17% | 1 | 234.9 |
| BND vs VEA | 0.17% | 1 | 748.1 |
| ITOT vs SGOV | 0.17% | 1 | 54.4 |
| VEA vs VOO | 0.17% | 1 | 169.7 |
| AVDV vs AVUV | 0.13% | 2 | 642.8 |
| AGG vs IVV | 0.12% | 1 | 188.2 |
| IVV vs SGOV | 0.12% | 1 | 51.5 |
| VGT vs VWO | 0.12% | 2 | 44.1 |
| VGT vs VXUS | 0.12% | 2 | 57.2 |
| BND vs VGT | 0.11% | 1 | 59.3 |
| ITOT vs VEA | 0.11% | 4 | 206.8 |
| ITOT vs VXUS | 0.11% | 4 | 213.4 |
| VEA vs VGT | 0.11% | 2 | 56.7 |
| BND vs VUG | 0.09% | 1 | 77.4 |
| VUG vs VWO | 0.09% | 2 | 53.4 |
| IFRA vs SGOV | 0.05% | 1 | 52.2 |
| GRID vs VPU | 0.04% | 1 | 46.7 |
| GRID vs XLU | 0.04% | 1 | 42.7 |
| QQQM vs VWO | 0.03% | 1 | 71.9 |
| AGG vs QQQ | 0% | 0 | 128.7 |
| AGG vs QQQM | 0% | 0 | 121.1 |
| AGG vs SCHD | 0% | 0 | 121.2 |
| AGG vs SMH | 0% | 0 | 54.3 |
| AGG vs VEA | 0% | 0 | 671.9 |
| AGG vs VGT | 0% | 0 | 58.7 |
| AGG vs VIG | 0% | 0 | 216 |
| AGG vs VOO | 0% | 0 | 189 |
| AGG vs VT | 0% | 0 | 470.4 |
| AGG vs VTI | 0% | 0 | 239.5 |
| AGG vs VTV | 0% | 0 | 330.8 |
| AGG vs VUG | 0% | 0 | 76.5 |
| AGG vs VWO | 0% | 0 | 152.7 |
| AGG vs VXUS | 0% | 0 | 746.5 |
| AGG vs XLK | 0% | 0 | 63.4 |
| BND vs ITOT | 0% | 0 | 245.4 |
| BND vs IVV | 0% | 0 | 194.6 |
| BND vs QQQ | 0% | 0 | 131.4 |
| BND vs QQQM | 0% | 0 | 123.5 |
| BND vs SCHD | 0% | 0 | 123.6 |
| BND vs SGOV | 0% | 0 | 67.3 |
| BND vs SMH | 0% | 0 | 54.8 |
| BND vs XLK | 0% | 0 | 64 |
| ITOT vs VWO | 0% | 1 | 101.1 |
| IVV vs VEA | 0% | 1 | 169.5 |
| IVV vs VWO | 0% | 1 | 91.2 |
| IVV vs VXUS | 0% | 1 | 173.9 |
| QQQ vs SGOV | 0% | 0 | 45.7 |
| QQQ vs VWO | 0% | 1 | 74.4 |
| QQQM vs SGOV | 0% | 0 | 44.7 |
| SCHD vs SGOV | 0% | 0 | 44.7 |
| SCHD vs VEA | 0% | 0 | 113 |
| SCHD vs VWO | 0% | 0 | 71.9 |
| SCHD vs VXUS | 0% | 0 | 114.9 |
| SGOV vs SMH | 0% | 0 | 30.7 |
| SGOV vs VEA | 0% | 0 | 64 |
| SGOV vs VGT | 0% | 0 | 32.1 |
| SGOV vs VIG | 0% | 0 | 53.3 |
| SGOV vs VOO | 0% | 0 | 51.5 |
| SGOV vs VT | 0% | 0 | 61.5 |
| SGOV vs VTI | 0% | 0 | 54.6 |
| SGOV vs VTV | 0% | 0 | 58.3 |
| SGOV vs VUG | 0% | 0 | 36.8 |
| SGOV vs VWO | 0% | 0 | 48.4 |
| SGOV vs VXUS | 0% | 0 | 64.6 |
| SGOV vs XLK | 0% | 0 | 33.4 |
| SMH vs VEA | 0% | 0 | 52.6 |
| SMH vs VWO | 0% | 0 | 41.5 |
| SMH vs VXUS | 0% | 0 | 53 |
| VEA vs XLK | 0% | 0 | 61.1 |
| VWO vs XLK | 0% | 0 | 46.6 |
| VXUS vs XLK | 0% | 0 | 61.6 |
| AVUV vs QQQM | 0% | 0 | 114.6 |
| AVUV vs VOO | 0% | 0 | 173.5 |
| AVUV vs VXUS | 0% | 0 | 551.4 |
| CTA vs DBMF | 0% | 0 | 3.8 |
| EWT vs KWEB | 0% | 0 | 36.9 |
| EWY vs KWEB | 0% | 0 | 19 |
| IJH vs VOO | 0% | 0 | 175 |
| SGOV vs XLU | 0% | 0 | 37 |
Take the data
CC BY 4.0Every pair on this page, machine-readable. The JSON also carries each pair's top ten shared positions, which this table does not show. Free to use and republish with attribution to this page.
Cite this
Mulden. (2026). ETF pairwise overlap. Retrieved 2026-06-30 from https://themulden.com/compare/
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SCHD Holdings: 99 Stocks, the Top 10 at 44%, and What It Actually Adds to a VOO Portfolio
What the Schwab U.S. Dividend Equity ETF held on 31 May 2026 from its SEC Form N-PORT filing: all 99 stocks with weights, Qualcomm 6.7%, Texas Instruments 5.9%, UnitedHealth 5.1%; the top ten are 43.6% and the fund behaves like 32 equal holdings. Then the question people are really asking — 92% of SCHD's money sits in companies VOO already owns, so what does holding both change? The overlap arithmetic answers it.
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VYMI vs IDV: International Dividend ETFs — Yield, Country Risk, and the Currency Drag
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DBC vs PDBC vs GSG: What a Broad Commodity ETF Actually Holds — and Why Roll Yield Matters
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KWEB vs FXI vs MCHI: Three Very Different Ways to Own China
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QYLD vs JEPI vs DIVO: Three Covered-Call Mechanics and the Return-of-Capital Question
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BNDX vs BND: Does Adding International Bonds Do Anything for a US Portfolio?
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MUB vs BND: When Municipal Bonds Beat Taxable Bonds — The Tax-Equivalent Yield Math
On stated yield, BND (3.95%) pays more than MUB (3.16%) — but MUB's income is exempt from federal tax, so the honest comparison is the tax-equivalent yield,...
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EWY vs EWT vs KWEB: The Geography of the AI Chip Trade
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The Hidden Chip Bet in Your Index Fund: How Much Semiconductor Exposure QQQ, VOO, and VTI Really Carry
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The 2026 Semiconductor Selloff, Part 2 — SOXX vs SMH vs SOXQ: Which Chip ETF Actually Fits a Long-Term Portfolio
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LQD vs HYG: Investment-Grade vs High-Yield Credit — What the Spread Actually Pays You For
The credit spread pays you for default risk — but over the last five years, the fund that lost more was the investment-grade one, not the high-yield one....
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TIP vs SCHP vs VTIP: How Inflation-Protected Bond ETFs Differ by Duration
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TLT vs IEF vs SHY: Building a Treasury Duration Ladder for Different Rate Scenarios
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XLF vs VFH: Financial-Sector ETFs in a Rate-Cut Cycle — What Actually Drives Returns
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XLV vs VHT: Two Ways to Own Healthcare — Concentration, Fees, and Defensive Behavior
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VTV vs VUG: The Value-vs-Growth Split Inside the S&P 500 — What 15 Years of Data Show
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RSP vs VOO: Does Equal-Weighting the S&P 500 Actually Beat Cap-Weighting?
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DBMF vs CTA: Two Managed-Futures Trend Funds — How They Pick Trends Differently
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DGRO vs SCHD: Two Dividend-Growth Approaches — Breadth vs Concentration
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CALF vs AVUV: Small-Cap Free Cash Flow vs Small-Cap Value — Two Quality Screens
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A 2026 Rate-Cut Path: Bonds vs Cash When Yields Fall (SGOV vs BND)
The last five years rewarded cash (SGOV) and punished duration (BND) — but that record was set during a rate-hiking regime, and it is the wrong template for...
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VGT vs XLK: Two Large Technology ETFs — Where the 0.10% Fee Gap Goes
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AVUV vs VBR: Small-Cap Value — Active Selection vs the Index Approach
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OMFL vs FCTR: Dynamic Multi-Factor — Rules-Based Rotation vs AI Optimization
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VNQ vs SCHH: Two REIT Index ETFs — Holdings, Yield, and Realized Risk
VNQ and SCHH are both broad U.S. equity REIT index funds with nearly identical realized volatility (~18.8% vs ~18.7% over five years), so the decision...
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MOAT vs QUAL: Wide-Moat Selection vs the Quality Factor — Two Roads to 'Quality'
MOAT and QUAL both sell "quality," but they reach it by opposite routes: MOAT is a concentrated, valuation-sensitive selection of wide-moat businesses; QUAL...
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BND vs AGG: The Two Total-Bond Giants — Duration, Yield, and Tracking Difference
BND and AGG charge the identical 0.03% expense ratio, yield within two basis points of each other, and posted max drawdowns within 0.1 percentage points...
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Bitcoin vs Gold: IBIT vs GLD as a Portfolio Hedge — What the Correlation Data Says
Gold has a multi-decade record of low-to-negative correlation with equities in stress; Bitcoin's correlation with risk assets has repeatedly risen in...
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VT vs VTI: Total World vs Total US — What Global Diversification Actually Adds
VT is not "international" — it is roughly 60% US already, so the real choice is 100% US versus a 60/40 US/ex-US blend in one ticker. Over the trailing...
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USMV vs SPLV: Two Approaches to Low-Volatility Investing — Which Defense Holds Up?
USMV (optimizer-based minimum variance) and SPLV (simple lowest-volatility ranking) sound similar but are built differently — and the construction gap, not...
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VYM vs SCHD: High Yield vs Dividend Quality — Two Different Bets on Income
VYM and SCHD both market themselves as dividend funds, but they are built on different screens — VYM ranks the broad market by forward yield; SCHD filters...
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The Three-Fund Portfolio in 2026: What VTI, VXUS, and BND Actually Delivered
Over the trailing five years, VTI did the heavy lifting (12.3% CAGR), VXUS lagged (7.9%), and BND delivered almost nothing (0.1%) — yet that spread is the...
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QRFT vs AMOM: AI-Driven Quality vs AI-Driven Momentum — A Head-to-Head Read
QRFT and AMOM share an issuer, an inception date, and an identical 0.75% expense ratio — so this is a clean test of factor tilt, not cost or structure. Over...
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VEA vs VWO: Developed vs Emerging Markets — How to Split International Exposure
VEA (developed) and VWO (emerging) are the two halves of total international exposure; held together at market weight they approximate a single...
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SCHG vs VUG: Large-Cap Growth Twins — Where the Index Construction Diverges
On the realized record, SCHG and VUG are statistically indistinguishable: a 1 basis-point fee gap, near-identical five-year volatility, and drawdowns within...
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IBIT vs FBTC: Comparing the Two Largest Spot Bitcoin ETFs — Fees, Spreads, and What You Actually Own
IBIT and FBTC hold the same asset — spot bitcoin — at the same 0.25% sponsor fee, so the decision is almost entirely structural, not about return. The real...
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JEPI vs JEPQ: Equity-Premium Income on the S&P 500 vs the Nasdaq-100
JEPI and JEPQ charge the identical 0.35% expense ratio and run the same machinery — a defensive equity sleeve plus an options-overlay via equity-linked...
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SPY vs VOO vs IVV: The Three S&P 500 ETFs — Fees, Structure, and Tracking Difference
All three track the same S&P 500 index; over five years their total returns and drawdowns sit within a rounding error of one another. The real separation is...
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Why 'VOO vs VTI' Is Usually the Wrong Question: A Framework for Measuring ETF Overlap
VOO and VTI share the same large-cap core, the same 0.03% fee, and a return history that has tracked within roughly a percentage point a year — so "which is...
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SMH vs SOXX: Two Semiconductor ETFs, Two Very Different Concentration Profiles
SMH and SOXX both track US-listed semiconductor equity, but SMH runs a far more concentrated book — the return gap over five years is mostly a concentration...
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VGT vs QQQ: Tech Sector vs Nasdaq-100 — How Different Are They Really?
VGT is a pure GICS Information Technology sector fund; QQQ is the Nasdaq-100, a multi-sector index that excludes some of the names most people assume are...
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QQQ vs QQQM: Same Index, Different Wrapper — When the Cheaper Twin Actually Wins
QQQ and QQQM track the identical index (the Nasdaq-100), so their return difference over five years is a rounding error — 17.2% vs 17.3% CAGR. The real...
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SCHD vs JEPI: Dividend Growth vs Covered-Call Income — Which Belongs in a Long-Term Core?
JEPI pays more than twice SCHD's yield (8.5% vs 3.3%), but over the trailing five years SCHD delivered the higher total return (8.4% vs 7.3% CAGR). JEPI's...
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VOO vs VTI: S&P 500 vs Total US Market — What the Difference Actually Costs Over Decades
VOO and VTI carry the identical 0.03% expense ratio, so this decision is not about cost — it is about factor exposure. The only real difference is VTI's...
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IGV vs WCLD vs QQQ: Breaking Down the 'Tech Beta' Stack
IGV, WCLD, and QQQ are sold as "tech ETFs" but they are not interchangeable. QQQ is a diversified large-cap growth index, IGV is a concentrated software...
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How Factor Loadings Drift: Watching MTUM, QUAL, and SIZE Over Five Years
The three iShares single-factor ETFs all carry the same 0.15% fee, but their realized 5Y CAGRs differ by 6.0 percentage points — that gap is mostly about...
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DIVZ vs SCHD vs NOBL: Three 'Quality Dividend' Approaches Compared
Three funds, three different definitions of "quality dividend": SCHD screens on financial strength plus yield, NOBL filters by 25+ years of consecutive...
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BOTZ vs. ROBO vs. AIQ: Three AI & Robotics ETFs Compared
The three funds share a marketing category but not a portfolio: AIQ's 5-year CAGR of 17.2% comes mostly from mega-cap semiconductors and hyperscalers, not...
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FCTR vs LRGF: Where AI Actually Changes the Multi-Factor Loading
LRGF has returned 13.5% annualized over the past five years; FCTR has returned 3.0%. A 10.5-percentage-point gap that wide is structural, not noise. FCTR's...
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AIEQ vs ROBO: AI-Managed vs AI-Themed — Two Different Bets in the Same Wrapper
AIEQ and ROBO both wear "AI" branding, but they are entirely different products: AIEQ uses an AI system as the process for picking US equities; ROBO is a...
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AMOM Explained: How AI Weights Momentum Differently from MTUM
MTUM is a $24B rules-based momentum factor ETF charging 0.15%. AMOM is a $30M AI-overlay product charging 0.75%. The construction philosophies are...
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COWZ vs. FCTR: Free Cash Flow Focus vs. AI Multi-Factor Optimization
Over the trailing five years, COWZ compounded at 10.6% per year while FCTR managed 2.9%, with a deeper drawdown — the simpler rule beat the adaptive model...
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NOBL vs. DGRW: Dividend Aristocrats vs. AI-Filtered Quality Dividend Growth
Over the past five years, DGRW returned 11.8% annualized versus NOBL's 5.7% — a 6.1-point gap, with DGRW showing slightly lower volatility and drawdown....
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VUG vs. TTAI: Large-Cap Growth vs. AI-Based Tactical Theme Rotation
VUG and TTAI are not the matchup the legacy title suggests. TTAI today is the Abacus FCF International Leaders ETF — a free-cash-flow-weighted international...
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GLD vs. DBMF: Gold vs. AI-Managed Managed Futures (Trend Following)
GLD compounded at roughly 20.0% per year over the past five years; DBMF at 8.5%. Reading that gap as "gold won" misunderstands what DBMF is built to do....
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VNQ vs. PPTY: REITs Index vs. AI-Powered Real Estate Value Analysis
VNQ is the cheap, deep, market-cap-weighted way to own U.S. listed real estate; PPTY is a fundamentals-tilted alternative that markets itself as smarter...
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AGG vs. BNDI: Total Bond Market vs. AI-Driven Active Fixed Income Strategy
AGG and BNDI hold roughly the same investment-grade bond universe in their core. The difference is one decision: BNDI writes options on top of that core to...
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VXUS vs. IQIN: International Stocks vs. AI-Driven Global Multi-Factor Asset Allocation
Over the past five years, the "AI-driven" IQIN underperformed plain market-cap VXUS on every dimension we measured — lower CAGR, higher volatility, deeper...
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AVUV vs. SYLD: Deep Value Small-Cap vs. AI-Driven Shareholder Yield Selection
AVUV is a small-cap-value factor sleeve built on the Fama-French academic playbook. SYLD is an all-cap rules-based screen on dividends, buybacks, and debt...
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JEPI vs. AIPI: High-Yield Income vs. AI-Powered Options Overlay Strategy
JEPI pays an 8.4% distribution yield against a five-year track record (CAGR 8.2%, max drawdown -13.7%) and runs $44.0B in assets — a credible defensive...
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VTI vs. AIEQ: Total Market Index vs. IBM Watson’s AI Selection Performance
Over the trailing five years, VTI compounded at 11.8% annually while AIEQ — the IBM Watson-powered active equity ETF — compounded at 4.4%, a gap of roughly...
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QQQM vs. QRFT: Nasdaq 100 vs. AI-Driven Quality Factor Investing
QQQM and QRFT both invest in U.S. large caps, but the construction logic — index-mechanical versus model-driven multi-factor — produces very different fee,...
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SCHD vs. DIVZ: Traditional Dividend Growth vs. AI-Enhanced Yield Strategy
Over the trailing five years DIVZ outpaced SCHD by roughly 90 bp per year on total return, with lower realized volatility — but at roughly ten times the...
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VOO vs. AMOM: Can AI Momentum Outperform the S&P 500? (2026 Analysis)
Over the trailing five years, VOO compounded at 13.1% per year versus AMOM at 9.6% — with roughly 40% more volatility and a maximum drawdown nearly twice as...
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Best AI-Managed ETFs for 2026: A Deep Dive into AIEQ and AMOM
AIEQ (Amplify AI Powered Equity) and AMOM (QRAFT AI-Enhanced Momentum) both charge 0.75% — roughly 25 times the cost of a broad-market index ETF — for an...
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SCHD vs VIG: A Quantitative Analysis of Dividend Quality Factors
VIG outpaced SCHD by roughly 160 basis points per year over the trailing five years (10.3% vs 8.7% CAGR), driven by its broader sector reach and...
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VOO vs. MTUM vs. QUAL: Which Smart Beta ETF Wins Based on Historical Backtests?
Over the trailing 5 years, plain VOO (13.1% CAGR) beat both MTUM (11.5%) and QUAL (11.4%) — the factor premium did not show up in this window. Over 10...
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VOO vs. MTUM vs. QUAL: Which Smart Beta ETF Wins Numerically? (Backtest Analysis)
Over the trailing five years, the cap-weighted S&P 500 (VOO) actually outperformed both factor ETFs on raw return — 13.1% CAGR versus MTUM's 11.5% and...
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VXUS vs VOO: Where Should You Invest in 2026?
Over the past decade, VOO compounded at 15.4% annualized; VXUS at 9.7%. The 5.7-percentage-point gap is real, large, and almost entirely a story about one...
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XLE vs VDE: Which Energy ETF Benefits Most from Oil Shocks?
XLE and VDE deliver nearly identical 5-year results (CAGR 22.7% vs 23.2%) with nearly identical realized risk (max drawdown −26.0% vs −26.6%) — the...
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The Honest Math of Daily-Reset Leverage: What QLD, SSO, and TQQQ Actually Cost in a 4% Rate Regime
A 2x daily-reset ETF such as QLD does not deliver 2x the annual return of the Nasdaq-100. It delivers roughly 2x of each daily return, compounded — a...
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The Rationale Behind a Five-ETF Long-Term Core: VOO, QQQM, SCHD, VXUS, AVUV
Five funds with non-overlapping roles — broad US beta (VOO), large-cap growth tilt (QQQM), dividend-quality (SCHD), ex-US developed and emerging (VXUS), and...
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QLD vs SSO: What 2x Leveraged ETFs Actually Cost a Long-Term Holder
Over the last five years QLD compounded at 24.9% versus QQQ's 17.6% — meaningful, but well short of the naive "2x" expectation of roughly 35% once...
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TQQQ vs QQQM: What Live Returns Reveal About 3x Leverage Over a Full Cycle
Over the trailing five years, TQQQ realized only ~1.53× the CAGR of QQQM (27.0% vs 17.6%), not 3×. Daily resets, financing costs, and the 2022 drawdown...
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VOO vs QQQM vs TQQQ: What 5-Year Volatility and Drawdown Tell Us About Leverage in a Long-Term Core
Over the trailing five years, TQQQ delivered ~27.0% annualized but with 66.6% realized volatility and an 81.7% peak-to-trough drawdown — a hole that...
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The Honest Math of Leveraged ETFs: A 5-Year Data Read on TQQQ, SSO, and UPRO
Over the trailing five years, TQQQ delivered roughly 1.5x the realized CAGR of QQQM — not 3x — while taking on roughly 3x the drawdown and 3x the...
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Infrastructure in a 30-Year Core: What the Data on XLU and PAVE Actually Shows
"Infrastructure" is two different factor exposures wearing one label: XLU is regulated-utility income, PAVE is industrial build-out cyclicality. Treating...
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PSCU vs XLU and VPU: What Five Years of Data Say About Small-Cap Utility Exposure
Over the trailing five years, PSCU (small-cap utilities & communication services) returned roughly 1.5% CAGR versus 9.2% for XLU and 9.0% for VPU — a gap of...
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Infrastructure ETFs in 2026: What XLU, VPU, IFRA, PAVE, and GRID Actually Own
The "infrastructure" label hides three different factor bets: regulated utilities (XLU, VPU), broad cyclical infrastructure (IFRA), and concentrated...
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BOTZ vs IRBO: Finding the Most Cost-Effective Entry into Automation
Over the trailing five years, IRBO's equal-weighted approach delivered an 11.1% CAGR versus BOTZ's 4.3% — a 6.8-point gap that dwarfs the 21 bp fee...
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VPU vs XLU: A Fee, Liquidity, and Concentration Comparison for Long-Horizon Utility Exposure
VPU (0.09%) and XLU (0.08%) are functionally near-identical at the top of the basket — the holdings overlap is far more important than the 1 bp fee gap....
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VOO, XLU, IFRA: What 5-Year Data Says About Three Approaches to the AI Power Build-Out
Over five years, VOO (13.9% CAGR) beat both XLU (9.2%) and IFRA (12.8%) on raw return — the AI tailwind didn't show up in the "picks-and-shovels" trade the...
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Sizing an AI-Infrastructure Sleeve: VOO, QQQM, XLU, IFRA, and SGOV Through a Long-Horizon Lens
The "AI infrastructure" label sits across three different ETF wrappers — utilities (XLU), industrial buildout (IFRA), and the consuming software layer...
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The Yield-vs-Growth Question in 2026: Reading SCHD Against VOO, QQQM, AVUV, and ROE
With the 10-year Treasury at 4.5% and CPI still running near 3.9% YoY, the opportunity cost of holding a US dividend tilt is no longer zero — but the...
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SCHD vs VOO: What the Data Actually Says About Dividend Yield and Total Return
Over the trailing 10 years, VOO compounded at 15.6% annualized vs SCHD at 12.7% — a meaningful gap driven mostly by the post-2020 large-cap growth regime,...
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Beyond a One-ETF Equity Core: What AVUV and VXUS Actually Add to VOO
Over the last five years VOO has out-returned AVUV (small-cap value) by roughly 310 bp annualized and VXUS (international) by roughly 540 bp — the supposed...
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VOO, QQQM, and SCHD: What Five-Year Risk and Return Actually Say About a Long-Term Core
QQQM produced the highest five-year CAGR (17.6%), but at 22.3% realized volatility and a −35.0% drawdown — a single-regime number, not a permanent ranking....
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XLE vs VDE: A Five-Year Audit of the Two Largest US Energy ETFs
XLE and VDE delivered nearly identical 5-year CAGR (22.3% vs 22.6%) at nearly identical volatility — the diversification VDE offers on paper barely...
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SCHD, AVUV, and VXUS During the Iran–U.S. War Shock Dividend Stability, Small-Cap Risk, and Global Exposure — A Data-Driven ETF Analysis
SCHD, AVUV, and VXUS occupy three different rows of the factor matrix — quality-dividend, small-cap value, and international beta. The realized data...
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SGOV, VOO, and QQQM Under Geopolitical Stress: What Oil, Yields, and Volatility Reveal
SGOV's effective duration near zero made it behave as designed during the recent oil-driven inflation scare — essentially flat while the equity sleeves...
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Gold vs Silver in 2026: Which Is the Better Long-Term Investment? (GLD vs SLV ETF Comparison)
Over the trailing 5 years, GLD returned 19.4% CAGR with 17.9% volatility; SLV returned 21.9% CAGR with 36.0% volatility — silver earned roughly 2.5...
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VOO vs QQQM: Which ETF Is Better for Long-Term Investing in 2026?